{
 "title": "Which States' Drivers Carry the Heaviest Insurance Burden",
 "methodology": {
  "components": {
   "uninsured": "Share of drivers uninsured \u2014 Insurance Research Council 2023 via Insurance Information Institute",
   "fatal": "Fatalities per 100M vehicle miles traveled \u2014 NHTSA FARS 2024 final (via IIHS Fatality Facts)",
   "deer": "Animal-collision likelihood \u2014 State Farm, claims July 2024\u2013June 2025",
   "hail": "Severe hail reports 2024 \u2014 NOAA Storm Prediction Center",
   "commute": "Population-weighted share of urban commuters driving 30+ minutes \u2014 Census ACS 5-year",
   "weak_min": "Weakness of state minimum bodily-injury floor (no-BI-mandate states scored weakest) \u2014 state statutes, verified July 2026"
  },
  "scoring": "Each component converted to a 0-100 percentile among the 51 jurisdictions; index = unweighted mean of the six. Jurisdictions missing any component are listed unranked \u2014 we never reweight over gaps."
 },
 "ranked": [
  {
   "abbr": "MS",
   "state": "Mississippi",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 99.01960784313725,
    "fatal": 99.01960784313725,
    "deer": 85.29411764705883,
    "hail": 59.80392156862745,
    "commute": 34.31372549019608,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 28.2,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.81,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 77,
    "hail_reports_2024": 107,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 24.1,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 72.7,
   "rank": 1
  },
  {
   "abbr": "PA",
   "state": "Pennsylvania",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 36.27450980392157,
    "fatal": 50.0,
    "deer": 91.17647058823529,
    "hail": 77.45098039215686,
    "commute": 83.33333333333333,
    "weak_min": 98.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 11.0,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.18,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 62,
    "hail_reports_2024": 215,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 40.6,
    "bi_min_per_person": 15000
   },
   "score": 72.7,
   "rank": 2
  },
  {
   "abbr": "TN",
   "state": "Tennessee",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 91.17647058823529,
    "fatal": 91.17647058823529,
    "deer": 48.03921568627451,
    "hail": 69.6078431372549,
    "commute": 59.80392156862745,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 21.3,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.52,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 121,
    "hail_reports_2024": 169,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 30.8,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 69.8,
   "rank": 3
  },
  {
   "abbr": "MO",
   "state": "Missouri",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 89.2156862745098,
    "fatal": 47.05882352941177,
    "deer": 67.6470588235294,
    "hail": 91.17647058823529,
    "commute": 44.11764705882353,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 20.7,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.17,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 97,
    "hail_reports_2024": 499,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 26.2,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 66.4,
   "rank": 4
  },
  {
   "abbr": "FL",
   "state": "Florida",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 87.25490196078431,
    "fatal": 61.76470588235294,
    "deer": 10.784313725490197,
    "hail": 45.09803921568628,
    "commute": 85.29411764705883,
    "weak_min": 100.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 20.6,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.26,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 575,
    "hail_reports_2024": 74,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 41.3,
    "bi_min_per_person": null
   },
   "score": 65.0,
   "rank": 5
  },
  {
   "abbr": "AR",
   "state": "Arkansas",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 67.6470588235294,
    "fatal": 93.13725490196079,
    "deer": 69.6078431372549,
    "hail": 73.52941176470588,
    "commute": 22.54901960784314,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 15.1,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.53,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 95,
    "hail_reports_2024": 186,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 20.2,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 64.2,
   "rank": 6
  },
  {
   "abbr": "IL",
   "state": "Illinois",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 69.6078431372549,
    "fatal": 40.19607843137255,
    "deer": 34.31372549019608,
    "hail": 85.29411764705883,
    "commute": 93.13725490196079,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 15.2,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.13,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 182,
    "hail_reports_2024": 373,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 45.1,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 63.6,
   "rank": 7
  },
  {
   "abbr": "CO",
   "state": "Colorado",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 79.41176470588235,
    "fatal": 59.80392156862745,
    "deer": 20.58823529411765,
    "hail": 87.25490196078431,
    "commute": 71.56862745098039,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 17.5,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.25,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 258,
    "hail_reports_2024": 415,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 34.9,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 62.9,
   "rank": 8
  },
  {
   "abbr": "SC",
   "state": "South Carolina",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 27.45098039215686,
    "fatal": 95.09803921568627,
    "deer": 73.52941176470588,
    "hail": 65.68627450980392,
    "commute": 53.92156862745098,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 10.3,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.67,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 93,
    "hail_reports_2024": 126,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 29.0,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 62.4,
   "rank": 9
  },
  {
   "abbr": "GA",
   "state": "Georgia",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 83.33333333333333,
    "fatal": 43.13725490196079,
    "deer": 56.86274509803921,
    "hail": 53.92156862745098,
    "commute": 75.49019607843137,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 19.0,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.15,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 109,
    "hail_reports_2024": 102,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 35.3,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 62.0,
   "rank": 10
  },
  {
   "abbr": "TX",
   "state": "Texas",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 63.72549019607843,
    "fatal": 71.56862745098039,
    "deer": 26.470588235294116,
    "hail": 99.01960784313725,
    "commute": 78.43137254901961,
    "weak_min": 19.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 14.5,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.35,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 222,
    "hail_reports_2024": 1514,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 35.8,
    "bi_min_per_person": 30000
   },
   "score": 59.7,
   "rank": 11
  },
  {
   "abbr": "KY",
   "state": "Kentucky",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 59.80392156862745,
    "fatal": 82.3529411764706,
    "deer": 62.745098039215684,
    "hail": 56.86274509803921,
    "commute": 36.27450980392157,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 14.1,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.44,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 105,
    "hail_reports_2024": 103,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 24.2,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 59.5,
   "rank": 12
  },
  {
   "abbr": "IA",
   "state": "Iowa",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 42.15686274509804,
    "fatal": 32.35294117647059,
    "deer": 87.25490196078431,
    "hail": 89.2156862745098,
    "commute": 9.803921568627452,
    "weak_min": 95.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 11.4,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.05,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 76,
    "hail_reports_2024": 417,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 14.7,
    "bi_min_per_person": 20000
   },
   "score": 59.3,
   "rank": 13
  },
  {
   "abbr": "OK",
   "state": "Oklahoma",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 50.98039215686274,
    "fatal": 75.49019607843137,
    "deer": 46.07843137254902,
    "hail": 95.09803921568627,
    "commute": 26.470588235294116,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 12.0,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.39,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 126,
    "hail_reports_2024": 767,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 22.8,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 58.9,
   "rank": 14
  },
  {
   "abbr": "WI",
   "state": "Wisconsin",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 71.56862745098039,
    "fatal": 12.745098039215685,
    "deer": 95.09803921568627,
    "hail": 79.41176470588235,
    "commute": 28.431372549019606,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 15.6,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 0.86,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 58,
    "hail_reports_2024": 225,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 23.0,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 57.7,
   "rank": 15
  },
  {
   "abbr": "MI",
   "state": "Michigan",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 93.13725490196079,
    "fatal": 37.254901960784316,
    "deer": 93.13725490196079,
    "hail": 61.76470588235294,
    "commute": 51.96078431372549,
    "weak_min": 5.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 22.3,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.1,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 61,
    "hail_reports_2024": 110,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 28.7,
    "bi_min_per_person": 50000
   },
   "score": 57.0,
   "rank": 16
  },
  {
   "abbr": "LA",
   "state": "Louisiana",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 44.11764705882353,
    "fatal": 73.52941176470588,
    "deer": 30.392156862745097,
    "hail": 63.72549019607843,
    "commute": 30.392156862745097,
    "weak_min": 98.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 11.7,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.36,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 218,
    "hail_reports_2024": 120,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 23.3,
    "bi_min_per_person": 15000
   },
   "score": 56.7,
   "rank": 17
  },
  {
   "abbr": "OH",
   "state": "Ohio",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 77.45098039215686,
    "fatal": 25.49019607843137,
    "deer": 62.745098039215684,
    "hail": 75.49019607843137,
    "commute": 40.19607843137255,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 17.1,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.0,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 105,
    "hail_reports_2024": 187,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 25.6,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 56.7,
   "rank": 18
  },
  {
   "abbr": "NM",
   "state": "New Mexico",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 95.09803921568627,
    "fatal": 79.41176470588235,
    "deer": 16.666666666666668,
    "hail": 50.0,
    "commute": 38.23529411764706,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 24.9,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.43,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 292,
    "hail_reports_2024": 89,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 24.7,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 56.4,
   "rank": 19
  },
  {
   "abbr": "DC",
   "state": "District of Columbia",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 97.05882352941177,
    "fatal": 69.6078431372549,
    "deer": 4.901960784313726,
    "hail": 5.882352941176471,
    "commute": 97.05882352941177,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 25.2,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.33,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 794,
    "hail_reports_2024": 1,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 51.4,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 55.6,
   "rank": 20
  },
  {
   "abbr": "SD",
   "state": "South Dakota",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 22.54901960784314,
    "fatal": 77.45098039215686,
    "deer": 89.2156862745098,
    "hail": 81.37254901960785,
    "commute": 3.9215686274509802,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 9.4,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.4,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 73,
    "hail_reports_2024": 317,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 10.3,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 55.6,
   "rank": 21
  },
  {
   "abbr": "KS",
   "state": "Kansas",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 50.98039215686274,
    "fatal": 34.31372549019608,
    "deer": 65.68627450980392,
    "hail": 97.05882352941177,
    "commute": 18.627450980392158,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 12.0,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.07,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 103,
    "hail_reports_2024": 807,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 18.3,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 54.3,
   "rank": 22
  },
  {
   "abbr": "AZ",
   "state": "Arizona",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 48.03921568627451,
    "fatal": 97.05882352941177,
    "deer": 8.823529411764707,
    "hail": 30.392156862745097,
    "commute": 78.43137254901961,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 11.9,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.74,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 577,
    "hail_reports_2024": 31,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 35.8,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 53.6,
   "rank": 23
  },
  {
   "abbr": "AL",
   "state": "Alabama",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 61.76470588235294,
    "fatal": 67.6470588235294,
    "deer": 50.0,
    "hail": 48.03921568627451,
    "commute": 32.35294117647059,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 14.2,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.32,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 118,
    "hail_reports_2024": 81,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 24.0,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 53.1,
   "rank": 24
  },
  {
   "abbr": "IN",
   "state": "Indiana",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 57.84313725490196,
    "fatal": 18.627450980392158,
    "deer": 56.86274509803921,
    "hail": 67.6470588235294,
    "commute": 55.88235294117647,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 14.0,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 0.94,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 109,
    "hail_reports_2024": 149,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 29.1,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 52.6,
   "rank": 25
  },
  {
   "abbr": "WV",
   "state": "West Virginia",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 12.745098039215685,
    "fatal": 88.23529411764706,
    "deer": 99.01960784313725,
    "hail": 38.23529411764706,
    "commute": 12.745098039215685,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 7.8,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.49,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 40,
    "hail_reports_2024": 49,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 15.7,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 51.7,
   "rank": 26
  },
  {
   "abbr": "MT",
   "state": "Montana",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 8.823529411764707,
    "fatal": 88.23529411764706,
    "deer": 97.05882352941177,
    "hail": 51.96078431372549,
    "commute": 0.9803921568627451,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 7.2,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.49,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 53,
    "hail_reports_2024": 96,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 9.7,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 51.0,
   "rank": 27
  },
  {
   "abbr": "OR",
   "state": "Oregon",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 65.68627450980392,
    "fatal": 82.3529411764706,
    "deer": 28.431372549019606,
    "hail": 18.627450980392158,
    "commute": 50.0,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 14.7,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.44,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 219,
    "hail_reports_2024": 9,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 27.7,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 50.7,
   "rank": 28
  },
  {
   "abbr": "DE",
   "state": "Delaware",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 81.37254901960785,
    "fatal": 64.70588235294117,
    "deer": 44.11764705882353,
    "hail": 1.9607843137254901,
    "commute": 47.05882352941177,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 18.1,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.27,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 136,
    "hail_reports_2024": 0,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 27.3,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 49.7,
   "rank": 29
  },
  {
   "abbr": "WA",
   "state": "Washington",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 85.29411764705883,
    "fatal": 55.88235294117647,
    "deer": 14.705882352941176,
    "hail": 9.803921568627452,
    "commute": 73.52941176470588,
    "weak_min": 59.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 19.1,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.21,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 307,
    "hail_reports_2024": 2,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 35.2,
    "bi_min_per_person": 25000
   },
   "score": 49.7,
   "rank": 30
  },
  {
   "abbr": "MD",
   "state": "Maryland",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 73.52941176470588,
    "fatal": 28.431372549019606,
    "deer": 53.92156862745098,
    "hail": 22.54901960784314,
    "commute": 95.09803921568627,
    "weak_min": 19.0
   },
   "missing": [],
   "raw": {
    "uninsured_pct": 16.9,
    "fatal_per_100m_vmt": 1.01,
    "deer_odds_1_in": 115,
    "hail_reports_2024": 16,
    "commute_30plus_pct": 45.2,
    "bi_min_per_person": 30000
   },
   "score": 48.8,
   "rank": 31
  },
  {
   "abbr": "NY",
   "state": "New York",
   "components": {
    "uninsured": 32.35294117647059,
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 ],
 "unranked": [],
 "sources": [
  {
   "name": "IIHS Fatality Facts 2024: State by state (IIHS republication of NHTSA FARS final data); deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled, 2024",
   "url": "https://www.iihs.org/research-areas/fatality-statistics/detail/state-by-state",
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "name": "State Farm 2025 animal collision likelihood by state ('1 in N' odds), claims period July 1, 2024 - June 30, 2025; state map dataset underlying State Farm's Simple Insights page, cross-verified against the Sept 16, 2025 newsroom release (top 10) and trade republications (bottom 5)",
   "url": "https://newsroom.statefarm.com/new-state-farm-data-reveals-fewer-animal-collisions-but-autumn-months-remain-most-dangerous/",
   "data_url": "https://static1.st8fm.com/en_US/applications/json/deerMap/json/as-data.json",
   "year": 2025
  },
  {
   "name": "NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center severe weather event database, 2024 hail reports (2024_hail.csv)",
   "url": "https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/2024_hail.csv",
   "year": 2024
  },
  {
   "name": "Insurance Information Institute \u2014 uninsured motorists",
   "url": "https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-uninsured-motorists"
  },
  {
   "name": "US Census Bureau ACS 5-year",
   "url": "https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs"
  }
 ]
}